Why make things complicated? Convenience goes a long way. Anyone using language – speaking, typing or writing – relies on shortcuts: abbreviations, truncations, and acronyms. They exist in every language, and especially in Russian. Russian abbreviations and acronyms are everywhere – because why use more when less will do?
Starting with a common abbreviation (аббревиатура) that you often use at the end. и т.д. (note the space after и) = etc., as it stands for и так далее, meaning “and so on” or “and so forth”. Similarly, there’s и т.п., which stands for и тому подобное (and similar). Below are other frequently used abbreviations.
Discussion of these abbreviations can be found in Common Abbreviations in Russian (Learn Russian Now! with Anastasia, 2019, 4 min). Including examples like др (день рождения), НГ (Новый Год), дз (домашнее задание), хз (хрен знает), and зп (заработная плата).
Everything for speed – these are shortened forms (сокращения) someone came up with, no one approved, but everyone now uses. Check out Telegram or WhatsApp (instead of SMS) and see SMS Abbreviations in Russian (Daria Mikhay, 2020, 10 min), which includes спс (спасибо), нзч (не за что), с др (с днём рождения), ппц (пипец), чё/шо (что), кста (кстати), сек (одну секунду), мч (молодой человек), инет (интернет), ща/щас (сейчас), and оч (очень).
See also:
More on this can be found in Russian Slang and in Colloquial Russian.
Send messages in Russian. Rules/abbreviations/funny typos
(Russian with Sasha, 2021, 11 mins)
Technical terms (like га for hectare) and institutions (among which ООО) in Common Russian Abbreviations & Acronyms Explained (Alisa Teaches Russian, 2026, 4 mins).
A wide variety can be found in Аббревиатуры by русский с носителем (2018, 11 mins). It includes АН for a respectable institution, НЛО (неопознанный летающий объект) instead of UFO, БОМЖ (без определённого места жительства) for homeless people (see the podcast below), and ДНК (дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота) for DNA.
It also covers РФ, СССР, КГБ, ФСБ, МИД, АЗС, АК, АЭС, БАД, ВВС, ВИЧ, ВМС, ВОЗ, ВТО, ГИБДД, ГОСТ, ДПС, ДТП, ЕГЭ, ЖКХ, ИНН, МВД, МВФ, НАТО, НАСА, ОБСЕ, ОСАГО, ПВО, ПДД, РЖД, РОВД, РПЦ, СИЗО, СТО, ФАС, ФБР, ФНС, and ЦУП.
Podcast: When a Russian Bum is Not a Bum (Michelle Berdy, The Moscow Times, 2020, 9 mins).
Abbreviations for linguistic and technical terms are nearly as numerous as the terms themselves. Entire dictionaries have been filled with them, and they are not short. Here is a brief selection of unavoidable linguistic terms.
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